运载火箭智能控制的能力特征与关键技术

运载火箭智能控制是智慧火箭研制的核心技术之一。结合智能技术在航天控制上的应用研究与工程实践,对运载火箭智能控制的能力特征进行了分析;介绍了运载火箭的智能测试与发射、典型动力故障诊断与重构、环境与模型自适应控制,以及“软件”定义运载火箭等关键技术;对我国运载火箭智能控制系统的未来发展进行了思考。通过对航天智能控制技术持续不断地研究与实践,为我国智慧火箭的研制提供强有力的支撑。     

从遥感卫星到卫星遥感 ——智联遥感系统及关键技术方向

近年来,遥感卫星正在经历系统规模、数据量、应用场景等方面的爆炸式增长。传统遥感卫星设计孤立,使其协同性不足、响应速度慢,难以体系化应用。提出了一种由管理层、感知层、传输层、处理层、信息层、应用层等多层结构组成的智联遥感系统架构,并梳理了基于区块链、人工智能、软件定义、大数据、云计算、物联网、5G等新兴技术的关键技术方向,以突破遥感卫星系统的联合规划、联合响应、联合处理的多元协同能力瓶颈,为实现从遥感卫星至卫星遥感的全链条革新奠定技术基础。     

民用高速旋翼飞行器发展战略分析及关键技术展望

面向直升机高速化的发展趋势,总结了国外高速旋翼飞行器的发展历程,开展了高速旋翼飞行器与直升机、通航飞机、公路、铁路等交通运输工具的效能仿真对比,基于潜在的民用市场需求,综合分析了高速旋翼飞机器在交通运输系统和应急救援体系中的优势与劣势。结果表明,民用高速旋翼飞行器在中国具有明确的战略发展定位,一方面可作为交通体系干支通、全网联的重要节点,以突出的任务效能融入交通运输应用体系;另一方面,面向中远程应急救援的需要,可满足敏捷救援体系响应速度的需求,填补现有直升机应用领域的空白。最后,针对重点发展构型,展望了中国未来民用高速旋翼飞行器的关键技术。     

中国下一代运载火箭结构技术发展方向与关键技术分析

结构是运载火箭的"脊梁",主要承担火箭发动机推力传递、燃料贮存等功能,并为有效载荷、控制、测量等系统及单机设备提供安装和保护。对国外运载火箭结构技术发展现状进行分析,结合未来我国运载火箭的研制发展需求,展望我国下一代运载火箭结构技术发展方向,提出支撑我国下一代运载火箭结构的关键技术,为我国运载火箭结构技术的发展路线探索和战略规划提供参考。     

马赫数3一级涡轮发动机设计特点及关键技术浅析

在介绍国外高马赫数涡轮发动机预先研究发展基础上,浅述马赫数3一级涡轮发动机的总体设计特点,重点对马赫数3发动机飞行时面临的高温热负荷、特种燃/滑油、飞/发一体化等关键技术进行分析,供后续马赫数3一级及更高马赫数涡轮发动机研究时参考。     

Earth remote sensing as an effective tool for the development of advanced innovative educational technologies

Current educational system is facing a contradiction between the fundamentality of engineering education and the necessity of applied learning extension, which requires new methods of training to combine both academic and practical knowledge in balance. As a result there are a number of innovations being developed and implemented into the process of education aimed at optimizing the quality of the entire educational system. Among a wide range of innovative educational technologies there is an especially important subset of educational technologies which involve learning through hands-on scientific and technical projects. The purpose of this paper is to describe the implementation of educational technologies based on small satellites development as well as the usage of Earth remote sensing data acquired from these satellites. The increase in public attention to the education through Earth remote sensing is based on the concern that although there is a great progress in the development of new methods of Earth imagery and remote sensing data acquisition there is still a big question remaining open on practical applications of this kind of data. It is important to develop the new way of thinking for the new generation of people so they understand that they are the masters of their own planet and they are responsible for its state. They should desire and should be able to use a powerful set of tools based on modern and perspective Earth remote sensing. For example NASA sponsors “Classroom of the Future” project. The Universities Space Research Association in United States provides a mechanism through which US universities can cooperate effectively with one another, with the government, and with other organizations to further space science and technology, and to promote education in these areas. It also aims at understanding the Earth as a system and promoting the role of humankind in the destiny of their own planet. The Association has founded a Journal of Earth System Science Education. Authors describe an effective model of educational technology developed in the Center for Earth Remote Sensing of Bauman Moscow State Technical University and based on scientific and educational organizations integration in the field of applied studies. The paper also presents how students are being trained to acquire and process satellite imagery data from Terra and Aqua satellites. It also reveals the results of space monitoring for Russia's ecologically complex regions conducted by Bauman Moscow State Technical University students in cooperation with specialists from the Laboratory for Aerospace Methods of Moscow State University named after M. Lomonosov.     

我国首次火星探测任务

我国首次火星探测任务于2016年立项实施。综合介绍了国际火星探测的历史和现状,我国首次火星探测任务的工程目标和科学目标、总体技术方案、关键技术难点、预期创新成果。我国首次火星探测任务将通过一次发射,实现火星环绕和着陆巡视,对火星开展全球性普查和局部的精细探测,推进火星地形地貌与地质构造、土壤特征与水冰分布、表明物质组成、大气电离层和气候环境、物理场与内部构造等方面的研究。实现火星探测任务目标,针对火星探测面临的各种特殊环境,需突破长期自主管理与控制等8类关键技术,取得的一系列创新成果,将为我国建立独立自主的深空探测基础工程体系,掌握深空探测基础共性技术,形成开展深空探测的基础工程能力。     

航空航天复合材料绿色化发展浅析

简述了航空航天复合材料绿色化技术的研究进展,包括复合材料的绿色化设计、绿色材料、绿色制造,以及回收再利用等技术,探讨了复合材料绿色化技术的发展前景。     

大型飞机发动机的发展现状和关键技术分析

对军民用大涵道比涡扇发动机的现状和发展趋势等进行了阐述,从国家大型飞机工程的战略目标、大型飞机发动机的重要性和市场前景等方面,对我国大涵道比涡扇发动机的需求、现状和差距进行了初步分析,简要介绍了我国大涵道比涡扇发动机的总体方案,提出了发展我国大涵道比涡扇发动机的主要关键技术,并分别从大涵道比涡扇发动机、国际合作、材料工艺试验条件建设等方面,简要论述了关键技术解决途径与措施建议.      

一种新型高效容错体系结构的研究与实现

由于辐射而在电路的时序逻辑部分和组合逻辑部分产生的逻辑软错误已经逐渐成为阻碍系统可靠性和稳定性的主要威胁。提出了一种结合了基于主／g．1atch设计和改进的时间冗余策略两种技术的容错体系结构，通过ISCAS’89测试基准电路进行验证并对实验结果的分析发现，该容错体系结构获得了很高的容错性能。